Basic mathematical functions, as well as number field manipulation like truncation and rounding.
Abs
| Description |
Returns the absolute value of a number. |
| Remark |
|
| Example |
Abs(-23.1) – returns 23.1. |
Acos
| Description |
Returns the arccosine, or inverse cosine, of a number. |
| Remark |
The input must be from -1 to 1.
The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/Pi() or use the Degrees() function. |
| Example |
Acos(-.231) – returns 1.80390168255052. |
Acosh
| Description |
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of the given number. |
|
Remarks
|
The input must be a real number greater than or equal to 1. |
| Example |
Acosh(10) – returns 2.993223. |
Asin
| Description |
Returns the arcsine of the given number in radians, in the range -Pi/2 to Pi/2. |
| Remarks |
The input is the sine of the angle you want and must be in the range from -1 to 1.
|
|
Example
|
Asin(-0.5) – returns 0.5236. |
Asinh
| Description |
Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. |
| Remarks |
The input can be any real number. |
| Example |
Ex. Asinh(-2.5) – returns -1.64723. |
Atan
| Description |
Returns the arctangent, inverse tangent of a number. |
| Remarks |
The input can be any real number.
Atan returns an angle given in radians in the range -Pi/2 to Pi/2.
|
| Example |
Atan(1) – returns 0.785398 (pi/4). |
Atan2
| Description |
Returns the angle from the x-axis to a line containing the origin (0, 0) and a point with coordinates (x,y). |
| Remarks |
The input requires two values, the x and y coordinates.
Note
If both x and y = 0, Atan2() returns the error #Div/0!.
A negative result represents a clockwise angle.
|
| Example |
Atan2(1, 1) – returns 0.785398 (pi/4). |
Atanh
| Description |
Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
| Remarks |
The input must be from -1 to 1. |
| Example |
Atanh(.76159416) – returns 1 (approximately). |
Ceiling
| Description |
Returns the number rounded up away from zero to the nearest multiple of significance, or the error #VALUE! if the argument is not a number. |
| Remarks |
The input requires two values, the number to be rounded and the multiple of significance.
Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero.
|
| Example |
Ceiling(4.42,.05) – returns 4.45. |
Cos
| Description |
Returns the cosine, of an angle in radians. |
| Remarks |
The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/Pi() or use the Degrees() function. |
| Example |
Cos(1.047) – returns 0.500171. |
Cosh
| Description |
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
| Example |
Cos(4) – returns 27.30823. |
Even
| Description |
Returns a number rounded up to the nearest even integer, or the error message #VALUE! if the argument is not a number. |
| Remarks |
Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded away from zero. |
| Example |
Even(1.5) – returns 2. |
Exp
| Description |
Returns e raised to the power of the input. |
| Remarks |
Exp is the inverse of Ln, the natural logarithm. |
| Example |
Exp(1) – returns 2.718282 (the approximate value of e). |
Fixed
| Description |
Returns the first argument rounded to the number of decimal places specified in the second argument. |
| Remarks |
Takes three arguments:
1. The number you want to round.
2. The number of digits to the right of the decimal to include.
3. (Optional) TRUE/FALSE whether to omit commas. The default is FALSE (includes commas as normal).
|
| Example |
Fixed(1234.5678, 2) – returns 1,234.56. |
Floor
| Description |
Rounds the number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. |
| Remarks |
The input requires two values, the number to be rounded, and the multiple of significance.
Regardless of the sign of number, a value is down toward zero.
NOTE. If the argument is non-numeric, then Floor returns the error #VALUE!
|
| Example |
Floor(2.6, .5) – returns 2.5. |
GlobalNumericFormat
| Description |
Returns a numeric string value whose format is based on the session format. |
| Remarks |
Only accepts numeric values as input.
If Null(), DbNull() or a data field that is null is passed as the argument, the function returns Null(). |
| Example |
GlobalNumericFormat({Region.Population})- returns the value based on the session format. |
Int
| Description |
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. |
| Remarks |
The input must be a real number. |
| Example |
Int(2.6) – returns 2. |
Ln
| Description |
Returns the natural logarithm of a number. |
| Remarks |
Ln() is the inverse of the Exp() function. |
| Example |
Ln(86) – returns 4.454347. |
Log
| Description |
Returns the logarithm of a number to the base you specify.
|
| Remarks |
The first input is the number and the second is the base (if omitted base 10 used). |
| Example |
Log(100) – returns 2. |
Log10
| Description |
Returns the base 10 logarithm of a number. |
| Remarks |
|
| Example |
Log10(86) – returns 1.934498451. |
Mod
| Description |
Returns the remainder after first argument is divided by the second argument. |
| Remarks |
The second argument must not be 0. |
| Example |
Mod(27,5) – returns 2. |
Odd
| Description |
Returns a number rounded up to the nearest odd integer. |
| Remarks |
The input must be a real number. Odd always rounds away from zero. |
| Example |
Odd(1.5) – returns 3. |
Pi
| Description |
Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits. |
| Remarks |
|
| Example |
Ex. Pi() – returns 3.14159265358979. |
Power
| Description |
Returns the result of the first argument raised to the second argument. |
| Remarks |
The ^ operator may be used instead of this function.
|
| Example |
Power(5,2) – returns 25.
|
Product
| Description |
Returns the product of the arguments. |
| Remarks |
The * operator may be used in place of this function.
Arguments must be numbers, cell references or text representations of numbers.
|
| Example |
Product(5,2) – returns 10. Also 5 * 2 - returns 10. |
Quotient
| Description |
Returns the integer portion of a division. |
| Remarks |
The / operator may be used in place of this function.
This function discards the remainder of the division.
|
| Example |
Quotient(5,2) – returns 2. |
Rand
| Description |
Returns an evenly-distributed random number between 0 and 1 (inclusive). |
| Remarks |
To generate a random real number between a and b, use: RAND()*(b-a)+a. |
| Example |
Rand() – returns a random number between 0 and 1. |
Round
| Description |
Returns a rounded number. |
| Remarks |
Takes one or two input:
1. The number to round.
2. The number of decimal places desired.
|
| Example |
Round(5.236, 2) – returns 5.24 |
Sin
| Description |
Returns the sine of the given angle. |
| Remarks |
The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/Pi() or use the Degrees() function. |
| Example |
Sin(1.047) – returns .0865926611287823. |
Sinh
| Description |
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. |
| Remarks |
|
| Example |
Sinh(4) – returns 27.1899171971278. |
Sqrt
| Description |
Returns the positive square root of the argument. |
| Remarks |
If the input is negative Sqrt returns the error #NUM!. |
| Example |
Sqrt(25) – returns 5. |
Tan
| Description |
Returns the tangent of the given angle. |
| Remarks |
The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function. |
| Example |
Tan(.785) – returns .99920. |
Tanh
| Description |
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
| Remarks |
|
| Example |
Tanh(-2) – returns .96403. |
Truncate
| Description |
Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number. |
| Remarks |
INT and TRUNC are different only when using negative numbers: TRUNC (-4.3) returns -4, but INT (-4.3) returns -5 because -5 is the lower number. |
| Example |
Truncate(9.9) – returns 9. |